The group was founded in 1971 to seek retribution on Jordan’s military and to assassinate Jordan’s King Hussein after they forcefully confronted the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) during an attempt to seize power from the monarch in … Most of its membership was reassigned to other Palestinian groups.

Suddenly, the shelling stopped. Categories  Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Friday afternoon, we heard the metal tracks of a tank clanking on the pavement. It recognized and legitimized fedayeen presence in Jordan, and established a committee to monitor fedayeen conduct.Hussein's motorcade came under fire on 1 September for the second time in three months, triggering clashes between the army and the fedayeen in Amman up until 6 September.Al-Jazy, the perceived pro-Palestinian newly appointed army chief of staff, resigned on 9 September in the midst of the hijacking crisis, and was replaced by On the evening of 15 September, Hussein called in his advisors for an emergency meeting at his On 17 September, the 60th Armoured Brigade entered the capital Amman from different directions and shelled the Wehdat and Hussein refugee camps where the fedayeen were based with tanks, artillery and mortars.Jordan feared foreign intervention in the events in support of the fedayeen; this soon materialized on 18 September after a force from Syria with David Raab, one of the plane hijacking hostages, described the initial military actions of Black September:We were in the middle of the shelling since Ashrafiyeh was among the Jordanian Army's primary targets.

After successes against the Syrian forces, the Jordanian Army steadily shelled the fedayeen's headquarters in Amman, and threatened to also attack them in other regions of the country.The Jordanian army regained control of key cities and intersections in the country before accepting the ceasefire agreement brokered by Egypt's Nasser.The head of a Pakistani training mission to Jordan, Brigadier Arafat claimed that the Jordanian army killed 25,000 Palestinians—other estimates put the number at between 2,000 and 3,400.Another agreement, called the Amman agreement, was signed between Hussein and Arafat on 13 October. The Rise Of Black September I went to Egypt, I called in the Arabs to help in any way they could – particularly as some of them were sponsoring some of these movements in one form or another – but without much success, and towards the end I felt I was losing control.

After Jordan annexed the West Bank in 1950, it conferred its citizenship on the West Bank Palestinians. Greater fedayeen freedom of action will inevitably result in more serious breaches of the ceasefire in the Jordan Valley... Hussein faces an uncertain political future.June 1970 became one of the most uncertain periods for the Hashemite monarchy in Jordan, as most foreign diplomats believed that events favored the fedayeen, and that the downfall of the monarchy was just a matter of time.Another ceasefire agreement was signed between Hussein and Arafat on 10 July. Black September was implicated in several acts of In December 1974 Black September was dissolved by Fatah, possibly as a response to the pressure placed on Black September by the Mossad. This demographic change influenced Jordanian politics.

Check out Britannica's new site for parents! I had to spend most of my time running to those units that had left their positions and were going to the capital, or to some other part of Jordan, to sort out people who were attacking their families or attacking their soldiers on leave. Hussein arranged a cabinet meeting on the evening of the Syrian incursion, leaving them to decide if Jordan should seek foreign intervention.The airstrikes inflicted heavy losses on the Syrians, and on the late afternoon of 22 September, the Syrian 5th Division began to retreat. Which of the ancient Wonders of the World exists today?

Hussein's resilience in the face of the joint Palestinian-Syrian challenge impressed both the West and Israel.The Black September Organization was established by Fatah members in 1971 for reprisal operations and international strikes after the September events.In the September fighting, the PLO lost its main base of operations.This article is about the military conflict.

The group assassinated Jordan’s Prime Minister Wasfi al-Tel in November 1971 following the PLO eviction from Jordan the previous June. The BSO named itself after the particularly bloody month in 1970 when King Hussein of Jordan declared military rule, expelling and killing thousands of Palestinian fedayeen (self-sacrificers). Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Features  Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.Eleven Israelis and a West German policeman were killed in the attack at the Several other attacks were ascribed to Black September.

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